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Measuring quality and outcomes of research collaborations: An integrative review
- Beth B. Tigges, Doriane Miller, Katherine M. Dudding, Joyce E. Balls-Berry, Elaine A. Borawski, Gaurav Dave, Nathaniel S. Hafer, Kim S. Kimminau, Rhonda G. Kost, Kimberly Littlefield, Jackilen Shannon, Usha Menon, The Measures of Collaboration Workgroup of the Collaboration and Engagement Domain Task Force, National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health
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- Journal:
- Journal of Clinical and Translational Science / Volume 3 / Issue 5 / October 2019
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 11 October 2019, pp. 261-289
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- Article
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Introduction:
Although the science of team science is no longer a new field, the measurement of team science and its standardization remain in relatively early stages of development. To describe the current state of team science assessment, we conducted an integrative review of measures of research collaboration quality and outcomes.
Methods:Collaboration measures were identified using both a literature review based on specific keywords and an environmental scan. Raters abstracted details about the measures using a standard tool. Measures related to collaborations with clinical care, education, and program delivery were excluded from this review.
Results:We identified 44 measures of research collaboration quality, which included 35 measures with reliability and some form of statistical validity reported. Most scales focused on group dynamics. We identified 89 measures of research collaboration outcomes; 16 had reliability and 15 had a validity statistic. Outcome measures often only included simple counts of products; publications rarely defined how counts were delimited, obtained, or assessed for reliability. Most measures were tested in only one venue.
Conclusions:Although models of collaboration have been developed, in general, strong, reliable, and valid measurements of such collaborations have not been conducted or accepted into practice. This limitation makes it difficult to compare the characteristics and impacts of research teams across studies or to identify the most important areas for intervention. To advance the science of team science, we provide recommendations regarding the development and psychometric testing of measures of collaboration quality and outcomes that can be replicated and broadly applied across studies.
Research agendas for the sustainable management of tropical peatland in Malaysia
- RORY PADFIELD, SUSAN WALDRON, SIMON DREW, EFFIE PAPARGYROPOULOU, SHASHI KUMARAN, SUSAN PAGE, DAVE GILVEAR, ALONA ARMSTRONG, STEPHANIE EVERS, PAUL WILLIAMS, ZURIATI ZAKARIA, SING YUN CHIN, SUNE BALLE HANSEN, AHIMSA CAMPOS-ARCEIZ, MOHD TALIB LATIF, ALEX SAYOK, MUN HOU THAM
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- Journal:
- Environmental Conservation / Volume 42 / Issue 1 / March 2015
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 28 February 2014, pp. 73-83
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There is a need for coordinated research for the sustainable management of tropical peatland. Malaysia has 6% of global tropical peat by area and peatlands there are subject to land use change at an unprecedented rate. This paper describes a stakeholder engagement exercise that identified 95 priority research questions for peatland in Malaysia, organized into nine themes. Analysis revealed the need for fundamental scientific research, with strong representation across the themes of environmental change, ecosystem services, and conversion, disturbance and degradation. Considerable uncertainty remains about Malaysia's baseline conditions for peatland, including questions over total remaining area of peatland, water table depths, soil characteristics, hydrological function, biogeochemical processes and ecology. More applied and multidisciplinary studies involving researchers from the social sciences are required. The future sustainability of Malaysian peatland relies on coordinating research agendas via a ‘knowledge hub’ of researchers, strengthening the role of peatlands in land-use planning and development processes, stricter policy enforcement, and bridging the divide between national and provincial governance. Integration of the economic value of peatlands into existing planning regimes is also a stakeholder priority. Finally, current research needs to be better communicated for the benefit of the research community, for improved societal understanding and to inform policy processes.
86 - Diazepam as rescue medication in epilepsy
- from VII - Treatment
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- By Asit B. Biswas, Leicestershire Partnership NHS Trust, Tracy Hobbs, Winstanley Drive Health Centre, Leicester, Anthony Bailey, Leicestershire Partnership NHS Trust, Dave Ball, Winstanley Drive Health Centre, Leicester, Gordon Walker, Winstanley Drive Health Centre, Leicester, Sabyasachi Bhaumik, Leicestershire Partnership NHS Trust, Agnes Hauck, Leicestershire Partnership NHS Trust
- Edited by Clare Oakley, Floriana Coccia, Neil Masson, Iain McKinnon, Meinou Simmons
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- Book:
- 101 Recipes for Audit in Psychiatry
- Published online:
- 02 January 2018
- Print publication:
- 01 March 2011, pp 203-204
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Summary
Setting
This audit is particularly relevant where family carers and professional care staff look after people with intellectual disability and epilepsy, at home, in day care, in respite care and in the community.
Background
Epileptic seizures occur in a third of patients with severe intellectual disability. Previously it was common practice to attempt to treat status epilepticus with diazepam per rectum, but this can be difficult without appropriate training for carers and be embarrassing and undignified for the patient.
Standards
No national standards were available at the time. Seven good-practice standards were set, after discussion with professionals and carers:
ᐅ Adequate information is provided to carers regarding
▹ identification of a prolonged seizure
▹ identification of repeated seizures
▹ recognition of seizure type
▹ assessment of level of consciousness.
ᐅ The rationale for use of diazepam per rectum is explained.
ᐅ Clear written guidelines are provided for the timely administration of per rectum diazepam in relation to the first and second doses.
ᐅ Adequate training is given on the administration and dose of per rectum diazepam.
ᐅ Adequate information is provided on recognising the following complications after prolonged or repeated seizures:
▹ convulsive status epilepticus
▹ non-convulsive status epilepticus
▹ cyanosis
▹ aspiration and breathing difficulties
▹ in addition, adequate explanation is given on monitoring pulse, temperature and breathing after prolonged or repeated seizures.
ᐅ Adequate information is provided on when to call 999 for an ambulance.
ᐅ From the guidelines provided and training received, does the carer feel confident
▹ in identifying when per rectum diazepam is indicated
▹ with the procedure
▹ in identifying any complications that may result from administration of this drug
▹ in timing the decision to seek emergency help (dial 999).
Method
Data collection
All patients with intellectual disability and epilepsy identified as receiving or being prescribed diazepam per rectum for prolonged and/or repeated seizures over the audit period were included. Questionnaires were sent out to home carers, the day centre key worker or other staff and staff of respite care homes. An explanatory letter was provided explaining the aims and scope of the audit.
Data analysis
The percentage of the sample meeting each standard was calculated.